Diaries of Nicolas II

How did Nicholas II deal with Bloody Sunday? Strikes and riots broke out throughout the country in outraged response to the massacre, to which Nicholas responded by promising the formation of a series of representative assemblies, or Dumas, to work toward reform. Why was Tsarina Alexandra unpopular? Alexandra was a strong believer in the autocratic …

How did the Allies achieve air superiority on Sicily?

How did the Allies gain air superiority? Both Britain and the U.S. built substantially larger strategic forces of large, long-range bombers. Simultaneously, they built tactical air forces that could win air superiority over the battlefields, thereby giving vital assistance to ground troops. How did the Allies win the invasion of Sicily? The Allies Land at …

What do we know about Hitler/OKW’s plans concerning USSR if Molotov/Ribbentropp Pact hadn’t happened?

What is Hitler’s plan for Russia? Adolf Hitler’s Lebensraum policy, expressed in Mein Kampf, was to dispossess the Russian inhabitants – as was to happen with other Slavs in Poland and most of Eastern Europe- and to either expel most of them beyond the Ural mountains or to exterminate them by various means. Why did …

Statement Issued by Communist Party regarding Collectivization: Contradictory?

How did collectivization benefit the Communist Party? Through collectivization agriculture was integrated with the rest of the state-controlled economy, and the state was supplied with the capital it required to transform the Soviet Union into a major industrial power. What was Stalin’s policy of collectivization? Collectivization — The policy of transferring the own- ership of …

Did Henri III of France sleep with men? Did he not sleep with women?

Which King Henry was the mad one? In the hot summer of 1453, King Henry VI went “mad”. Staying at his hunting lodge, Clarendon Palace, outside Salisbury, he slumped like a sack into a catatonic stupor, his eyes downcast, apparently unable or unwilling to speak or move.  Why did Henry execute his cousin? Henry ordered …

Who decided to bury Napoleon in the Dome of Invalides?

King Louis-PhilippeKing Louis-Philippe decided to have his remains transferred to Les Invalides in Paris. When was Napoleon buried in Les Invalides? Napoleon was entombed under the Dome of the Invalides with great ceremony in 1840. The separation between the two churches was reinforced in the 19th century with the erection of Napoleon’s tomb, the creation …

How can we make claims of ancient alcohol consumption based on chemical analysis of remains?

What is the earliest evidence of alcohol consumption? Chemical analyses recently confirmed that the earliest alcoholic beverage in the world was a mixed fermented drink of rice, honey, and hawthorn fruit and/or grape. The residues of the beverage, dated ca. 7000–6600 BCE, were recovered from early pottery from Jiahu, a Neolithic village in the Yellow …