What restrictions were placed on embedded journalists during the Persian Gulf War?

History

What is the criticism of embedded journalism?

Embed critics objected that the level of military oversight was too strict and that embedded journalists would make reports that were too sympathetic to the American side of the war, leading to use of the alternate term “inbedded journalist” or “inbeds”.

How did the US government’s policy of embedding journalists with US troops affect wartime coverage?

As in previous wars, embedding reporters with military units allowed the media access to front line soldiers and lent the news a level of authenticity with the audience while allowing the military to control the media’s movement on the battlefield.
 

What is the purpose of embedded journalists?

embedded journalism, the practice of placing journalists within and under the control of one side’s military during an armed conflict. Embedded reporters and photographers are attached to a specific military unit and permitted to accompany troops into combat zones.

Why was it important for there to be limited media coverage during the Persian Gulf War?

This was ostensibly to protect sensitive information from being revealed to Iraq. This policy was heavily influenced by the military’s experience with the Vietnam War, in which public opposition within the United States grew throughout the course of the war.

Do embedded journalists carry weapons?

Firearms were off-limits, no matter how dangerous the assignment. “Reporters, photographers and other editorial personnel on assignment from the Times to cover a war or civil conflict must never carry a weapon, openly or concealed on their person or in their vehicle,” the policy states.

What are two ethical violations in journalism?

Publishing allegations by a single source without attempting to verify accuracy. Omitting facts provided to the journalist that would clearly lead the reader/viewer to a different conclusion. Calling for comment after normal business hours when there would have been time for the journalist to call earlier.

Are journalists off limits during war?

Journalists are protected only as long as they do not take a direct part in the hostilities. News media, even when used for propaganda purposes, enjoy immunity from attacks, except when they are used for military purposes or to incite war crimes, genocide or acts of violence.

Do journalists have protection during war?

War correspondents are protected by the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their additional protocols. In general, journalists are considered civilians so they have all rights related to the civilians in a conflict.

How are journalists protected in war?

War correspondents are protected under international humanitarian law, and are considered as civilians under Article 79 of the Second Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions.



What are the disadvantages of mobile journalism?

Challenges of Mobile Journalism

  • Working alone. The downside to all the freedom and independence mobile journalism grants you is that working alone can be very difficult.
  • Limited camera. As great as smartphone cameras have become, they are still fairly limited.
  • Limited audio.
  • Data dependence.
  • Battery.
  • Storage capacity.


What are the negative aspects of journalism?

Disadvantages of Journalism

  • You will be away from home quite often.
  • Being a journalist can be stressful.
  • Strict deadlines are a problem.
  • You may get shitstorms on social media.
  • You may become a public figure.
  • Many people will just not like you.
  • You will see many bad things while being a journalist.

What are the disadvantages of Web journalism?

Online editions appear to be edited less strictly, notably in terms of story length and content, and this appears to be a drawback for online journalism. Online newspapers are a little less serious than their print counterparts due to the infinite news space.
 



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